• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    Constructive part (1) with waste materials comprising a mixture of waste (21), at least one binder (22), and at least one additive (23) wherein the waste mixture (21) comprises paper and/or wood and/or plastic and/or glass and/or cork and/or aluminum and/or natural stone and/or polystyrene and/or wool and/or cotton and/or straw, the binder (22) comprises magnesium oxychloride and/or a thermostable polymer, and the at least one additive (23) comprises basic polyamide and/or silanes and/or dyes. Another object of the invention is the method of manufacturing the component, by a series of steps with a mold (3). This way, a construction piece is obtained at a lower price and with a lower weight, additionally representing an additional option for the use of waste. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)
    公开号:ES2556556A1
    申请号:ES201431082
    申请日:2014-07-18
    公开日:2016-01-18
    发明作者:Ricardo ABAD GONZÁLEZ
    申请人:Marie Michele Naies；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

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    DESCRIPTION
    Construction piece and manufacturing process with residual materials
    OBJECT OF THE INVENTION
    The purpose of the present patent application is a construction piece and a manufacturing process with residual materials according to claims 1 and 9, which incorporates notable innovations and advantages.
    BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
    Various processes are known in the state of the art to obtain construction parts by molding, based on the hardening of a mixture consisting of the residues of natural stone, with binder and additives, deposited in a mold.
    The piece obtained, by this procedure, has an appearance similar to natural stone, and at a lower cost when taking advantage of the waste from the natural stone quarries, the pieces obtained, also, having a good mechanical resistance, thanks to the binders and additives used
    This procedure has the disadvantage that the pieces obtained only offer a petrea-like finish, without a consistency equivalent to that appearance. On the other hand, the product is limited to a specific raw material.
    Thus, it is seen that there is still a need to have a construction piece and manufacturing process with residual materials, presenting an alternative to what is known today, with the advantage of having a lower price and, also, a lower weight, additionally representing an option for the use of waste.
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    DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
    In accordance with the present invention, this task is solved by means of a construction piece and manufacturing process with residual materials according to claims 1 and 9. Additional advantages of the invention are presented accompanying the features included in the dependent claims, mentioned in the description that It is reviewed below.
    The present invention relates to a method of manufacturing construction pieces, using mixtures of binders and disposable waste, which occur in the exploitation of natural resources. The pieces obtained can consist of slabs or plates for the decorative coating of walls, floors, walls or panels and in general, pieces of any use in construction.
    The construction piece obtained comprises a portion consisting of a hardened mass of a mixture of waste paper, wood, glass, cork, aluminum, natural stone or others, with binders and additives, which optionally incorporates a total or partial coating on its face of glass, a wooden or aluminum frame or others. And on its back side, a wooden board, glass sheet, aluminum, cork, polystyrene or others are optionally placed. The piece ends up concreting, after the production process, in a tile, platelet, board, valance, panel, wall or other ...
    Thus, and more specifically, the construction piece with residual materials comprises a mixture of waste, at least one binder, and at least one additive, wherein the mixture of waste comprises paper and / or wood and / or plastic and / or glass and / or cork and / or aluminum and / or natural stone and / or polystyrene and / or wool and / or cotton and / or straw, the binder comprises magnesium oxychloride and / or a thermostable polymer, and the at least one additive comprises basic polyamide and / or silanes and / or dyes. In this way, an alternative to the manufacture of construction pieces already known is achieved, obtaining construction elements at a lower price and with a lower weight, representing an additional option for the use of a multitude of waste such as those already mentioned, waste that can be used individually or collectively, depending on the construction material, that you want to manufacture. As for the binder used, it will usually be magnesium oxychloride or any thermosetting polymer, with the corresponding additives, at
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    in order to achieve the desired characteristics in the product, after hardening of the mixture.
    More specifically, when the binder is magnesium oxychloride, the at least one additive comprises basic polyamide and silanes, in similar proportions, and colorants, thus obtaining good properties in terms of the consistency of the final construction piece.
    In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the weight of the waste mixture is between 15% and 45% and / or the weight of magnesium oxychloride is between 45% and 75% and / or the weight of the at least An additive is between 5% and 10%, thus obtaining optimum properties in terms of the consistency and presentation of the final construction piece.
    More particularly, when the binder is a thermosetting polymer, the at least one additive comprises catalysts and dyes, thus obtaining good properties in terms of its mechanical condition, presentation and coloration of the final construction piece.
    In another preferred embodiment of the invention, the weight of the waste mixture is between 60% and 80% and / or the weight of the thermosetting polymer is between 10% and 30% and / or the weight of the at least one Additive is between 10% and 25%.
    According to another aspect of the invention, the at least one additive comprises catalysts of polymerization and / or hardening, so that the maximum possible consistency of the construction piece is achieved based on its raw material.
    Advantageously, the thermosetting polymer is an epoxy resin, benefiting from the good properties of said binder.
    According to yet another aspect of the invention, the construction piece with residual materials comprises a hardened mass composed of a mixture of waste, a visible face comprising a total or partial coating of glass, wood or aluminum, and / or a rear face comprising a total or partial coating of glass, wood, aluminum, cork, cardboard or polystyrene, optionally depositing on the indicated, a second dose of mixture. Thus, depositing or not on the mentioned mixtures of said
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    materials, its decorative properties, robustness, thermal insulation are improved and its fixation to the work to be done is facilitated.
    The object of the present invention is also a process for manufacturing a construction piece with residual materials, which comprises, as mentioned, a mixture of waste, at least one binder, and at least one additive, which comprises the following steps:
    a- manufacture of a mold that is dimensionally suitable for the construction piece to be obtained,
    b- make a mixture of waste,
    c- make a mixture with the waste mixture, the at least one binder, and the at least one additive,
    d- deposit the mixture in the mold,
    e- perform the vibration of the mixture, so that the air contained in the mixture is expelled, improve the result of its compaction,
    f- perform the compaction of the mixture, in order to achieve greater mechanical strength and lower porosity, for the benefit of the quality of the manufactured part, g- deposit the mold in an appropriate place for its rest and / or drying, h- unmold the resulting construction piece.
    Additionally, the manufacturing process of the construction piece with residual materials comprises the following steps:
    i- calibrate the resulting construction piece, in order to ensure that the measures are appropriate,
    j- pack and / or store the resulting construction piece, and arrange it for sale.
    In a preferred embodiment of the invention, prior to the step of depositing the mixture in the mold, a glass sheet and / or a wooden or aluminum frame is placed inside the mold, which is what will remain on your face, providing aesthetic benefits , of resistance to environmental aggressions, or facilitating its cleaning.
    In another preferred embodiment of the invention, after the step of depositing the mixture in the mold, a wooden, aluminum, glass, polystyrene, cork or cardboard board is placed inside the mold, all well for decorative purposes, either by
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    improve thermal insulation, robustness and / or facilitate its fixation in the work. This face is hidden, that is, once placed in the work, it will not be seen.
    In another preferred embodiment of the invention, after the step of depositing the mixture in the mold, a wooden board or sheet of aluminum, glass, polystyrene or generics, cork, cardboard, and then, is placed inside the mold , on it, a new dose of mixture is deposited, leaving the piece of panel, wall or brick, with insulating and soundproofing property on both sides
    In another preferred embodiment of the invention, a mold is used that has an image, text or drawing printed on its bottom. Alternatively, on the bottom of the mold, a paper with the printed image, text or drawing is deposited. Then, either on said background or on said paper, the mixture is deposited, so that the image, text or drawing, in contact with the mixture, is printed on the construction piece, being a decorative and easily customizable motif.
    According to another aspect of the invention, at least one of the vibrating and / or resting and / or drying steps is carried out under conditions of heating the mold, since the higher temperature accelerates the drying (or curing) of the piece.
    Advantageously, said heating of the mold is carried out by means of at least one electrical resistance, benefiting from the efficiency and cleaning of the electric energy as heating energy.
    More specifically, said heating of the mold is carried out with an adjustable temperature between 30 ° and 70 °, since at higher temperatures the drying (or curing) of the piece is accelerated outside, but it damages the product inside.
    Additionally, the mold comprises a representation printed on its inside (image, text and / or drawing), so that it is copied onto the construction piece. Alternatively, prior to the step of depositing the mixture in the mold, a paper is deposited inside it with a representation (image, text and / or drawing), so that it is copied onto the construction piece. In this way an additional benefit is achieved in the aesthetic result of the construction piece.
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    It is also the object of the present invention to use the construction piece with residual materials, whose shape is panel or wall or brick, for the insulation and soundproofing of the buildings in its exterior and interior.
    Thus, the pieces built, by this manufacturing process, can be very diverse, with a decorative function, such as: slabs, platelets, borders, boards, panels, walls, etc., also achieving the objective of improving soundproofing conditions , insulation and air conditioning of buildings or homes. For example, tables, panels or walls, made of paper, wood, cork, plastic ..., materials that, in themselves, placed on the walls or walls of buildings or homes improve their acoustic and climatic conditions. On the other hand, placing them on the outside of buildings and homes, it is possible to reduce energy consumption, both in summer and winter.
    As a summary of the advantages of the constructive part of the invention, the following can be cited:
    a) anyone without construction experience can do constructive DIY
    b) it is a "finalist" material, since it does not need any further work, since it incorporates everything necessary, such as shape, relief, color. on both visible faces
    c) incorporates holes in the non-visible faces, which allow the installation of electrical and sound installations, etc.
    d) it is ecological, as it does not contain any toxic products
    e) it is very economical
    f) is fireproof
    g) it favors soundproofing and energy saving in buildings and homes.
    The attached drawings show, by way of non-limiting example, a construction piece and manufacturing process with residual materials, constituted in accordance with the invention. Other features and advantages of said construction part and manufacturing process with residual materials, object of the present invention, will be apparent from the description of a preferred, but not exclusive, embodiment illustrated by way of non-limiting example in the drawings that accompany, in which:
    BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
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    Figure 1 It is a front view of the construction piece with residual materials, in accordance with the present invention;
    Figure 2.- It is a perspective view of the mold assembly for manufacturing the construction part, in accordance with the present invention;
    Figure 3.- It is a perspective view of the cavity in the mold together with the layers of the construction piece, in accordance with the present invention;
    Figure 4.- It is a side view of the construction piece, in accordance with the present invention;
    DESCRIPTION OF A PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
    In view of the aforementioned figures and, according to the numbering adopted, an example of a preferred embodiment of the invention can be observed therein, which comprises the parts and elements indicated and described in detail below.
    Thus, as seen in Figures 1 and 3, the construction piece 1 with residual materials comprises a mixture of residues 21, at least one binder 22, and at least one additive 23 wherein the mixture of residues 21 comprises paper and / or wood and / or plastic and / or glass and / or cork and / or aluminum and / or natural stone and / or polystyrene and / or wool and / or cotton and / or straw, binder 22 comprises magnesium oxychloride and / or a thermostable polymer, and the at least one additive 23 comprises basic polyamide and / or silanes and / or dyes. Thus, the additives used will be suitable for each case of binder, including the dyes desired to dye the piece obtained.
    More specifically, as seen in Figure 3, when the binder 22 is magnesium oxychloride, the at least one additive 23 comprises basic polyamide and silanes, in similar proportions, and dyes.
    Additionally, as shown in Figure 3, the weight of the waste mixture 21 is between 15% and 45% and / or the weight of the magnesium oxychloride is between 45% and 75% and / or the The weight of at least one additive 23 is between 5% and 10%.
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    More particularly, as seen in Figure 3, when the binder 22 is a thermosetting polymer, the at least one additive 23 comprises catalysts and dyes.
    Additionally, as shown in Figure 3, the weight of the waste mixture 21 is between 60% and 80% and / or the weight of the thermosetting polymer is between 10% and 30% and / or the weight of at least one additive 23 is between 10% and 25%.
    On the other hand, as can be seen in Figure 3, the at least one additive 23 comprises polymerization and / or hardening catalysts. The proportion of the catalysts is variable, depending on the thermosetting polymer used and the speed of hardening that is required, and the properties that are desired for the construction piece.
    According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, as seen in Figure 3, the thermosetting polymer is an epoxy resin.
    According to another aspect of the invention, as seen in Figures 1 and 3, the construction piece 1 with residual materials comprises a hardened mass composed of a mixture of residues 21, a visible face 11 comprising a total or partial glass coating , wood or aluminum, and / or a back face 12 comprising a total or partial coating of glass, wood, aluminum, cork, cardboard or polystyrene.
    It is also object of the invention, as can be seen in Figure 3, the manufacturing process of construction piece 1 with residual materials comprising a mixture of waste 21, at least one binder 22, and at least one additive 23, wherein It comprises the following steps:
    a- manufacture of a mold 3 dimensionally suitable for the construction piece 1 to be obtained,
    b- make a mixture of waste 21,
    c- making a mixture 2 with the waste mixture 21, the at least one binder 22, and the at least one additive 23, d- depositing the mixture 2 in the mold 3, e- performing the vibration of the mixture 2, f- perform the compaction of the mixture 2, g- deposit the mold 3 for rest and / or drying,
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    h- unmold the resulting construction piece 1
    Thus, by mixing with magnesium oxychloride or with a thermosetting polymer (essentially epoxy resin), plus the residues mentioned above, plus the corresponding additives in both mixtures, a piece constructed with the desired performance will be obtained. On the other hand, the mold is preferably constructed in plastic, rubber, glass or aluminum.
    Additionally, as can be seen in Figure 3, the manufacturing process of construction piece 1 with residual materials additionally comprises the following steps: i- calibrate the resulting construction part 1, j- pack and / or store the resulting construction part 1.
    The piece can be molded at the factory or directly at the construction site, using molds that can be transported and placed on the final site, proceeding to its demoulding, once the mixture has hardened.
    More particularly, as seen in Figure 3, prior to the step of depositing the mixture 2 into the mold 3, a glass sheet and / or a wooden or aluminum frame is placed inside the mold 3.
    On the other hand, as can be seen in Figure 3, after the step of depositing the mixture 2 in the mold 3, a wooden, aluminum, glass, polystyrene, cork or cardboard board is placed inside the mold 3 on said mixture 2 . Additionally, and optionally, a dose of mixture 2 is deposited.
    According to another aspect of the invention, as can be seen in Figure 2, at least one of the vibrating and / or resting and / or drying steps is carried out under heating conditions of the mold 3.
    Specifically, as seen in Figure 2, said heating of the mold 3 is carried out by means of at least one electrical resistor 31.
    Additionally, as shown in Figure 2, said heating of the mold 3 is carried out with an adjustable temperature between 30 ° and 70 °.
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    It should be mentioned that, in a particular embodiment, the mold (3) comprises printed inside (32), so that it is copied onto the construction piece (1).
    In another particular embodiment, prior to the step of depositing the mixture (2) in the mold (3), a paper is deposited inside it with a representation (32), so that it is copied onto the construction piece (1).
    It is also the object of the invention, as can be seen in Figure 3, the use of the construction piece 1 with residual materials, whose shape is panel or wall or brick, for the insulation and soundproofing of the buildings in its outer part and inside. Said panel, in a preferred embodiment, has a thickness of 11 cm, 1 cm thick whose material is the stone residue with the magnesium oxychloride mixture, said panel incorporating, additionally, a 10 cm thick polystyrene sheet . Said panel also has the necessary holes for its fixation to the wall, specifically two projections and two recesses, which act as male and female, and are the ones that allow the perfect union of other pieces. Thus, the panel easily attaches itself to the exterior walls of buildings or homes, through the holes in the contour. It is therefore a suitable solution to insulate and soundproof the buildings on the outside, reducing the electrical consumption in the heating and cooling of the same.
    The details, shapes, dimensions and other accessory elements, as well as the components used in the implementation of the construction piece and the manufacturing process with residual materials, may be conveniently replaced by others that are technically equivalent, and do not depart from the essentiality of the invention or the scope defined by the claims that are included below from the following list.
    List numeric references:
    1 construction piece
    11 face view (construction piece)
    12 back side (construction piece)
    2 mixture
    21 waste mix (mixture)
    22 binder (mixture)
    23 additive (mixture)
    3 mold
    31 electrical resistance (mold)
    5 32 representation
    权利要求:
    Claims (1)
    [1]
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    1- Construction piece (1) with residual materials comprising a mixture of waste (21), at least one binder (22), and at least one additive (23) characterized in that:
    - the waste mixture (21) comprises paper and / or wood and / or plastic and / or glass and / or cork and / or aluminum and / or natural stone and / or polystyrene and / or wool and / or cotton and / or straw,
    - the binder (22) comprises magnesium oxychloride and / or a thermostable polymer,
    - and because the at least one additive (23) comprises basic polyamide and / or silanes and / or dyes.
    2- Construction piece (1) with residual materials according to claim 1 characterized in that when the binder (22) is magnesium oxychloride, the at least one additive (23) comprises basic polyamide and silanes, in similar proportions, and colorants.
    3- Construction piece (1) with residual materials according to claim 2 characterized in that the weight of the waste mixture (21) is between 15% and 45% and / or the weight of magnesium oxychloride is between 45% and 75% and / or the weight of the at least one additive (23) is between 5% and 10%.
    4- Construction piece (1) with residual materials according to claim 1 characterized in that when the binder (22) is a thermosetting polymer, the at least one additive (23) comprises catalysts and dyes.
    5- Construction piece (1) with residual materials according to claim 4 characterized in that the weight of the waste mixture (21) is between 60% and 80% and / or the weight of the thermosetting polymer is between 10% and 30% and / or the weight of the at least one additive (23) is between 10% and 25%.
    6- Construction part (1) with residual materials according to claim 4 characterized in that the at least one additive (23) comprises catalysts of polymerization and / or hardening.
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    7- Construction piece (1) with residual materials according to claim 1 characterized in that the thermosetting polymer is an epoxy resin.
    8- Construction piece (1) with residual materials according to claim 1 characterized in that it comprises:
    - a hardened mass consisting of a mixture of waste (21),
    - a visible face (11) comprising a total or partial coating of glass, wood or aluminum,
    - and / or a rear face (12) comprising a total or partial coating of glass, wood, aluminum, cork, cardboard or polystyrene.
    9- Manufacturing process of construction piece (1) with residual materials comprising a mixture of waste (21), at least one binder (22), and at least one additive (23),
    characterized in that it comprises the following steps:
    a- manufacture of a mold (3) dimensionally suitable for the construction piece (1) to be obtained,
    b- make a mixture of waste (21),
    c- make a mixture (2) with the waste mixture (21), the at least one binder (22), and the at least one additive (23), d- deposit the mixture (2) in the mold (3) ), e- perform the vibration of the mixture (2), f- perform the compaction of the mixture (2), g- deposit the mold (3) for rest and / or drying, h- unmold the construction piece (1 ) resulting.
    10- Manufacturing process of construction piece (1) with residual materials according to claim 9 characterized in that it further comprises the following steps:
    i- calibrate the resulting construction piece (1),
    j- pack and / or store the resulting construction piece (1),
    11- Manufacturing process of construction piece (1) with residual materials according to claim 9 characterized in that prior to the step of depositing the mixture (2) in the mold (3), a glass sheet is placed inside the mold (3) and / or a wooden or aluminum frame.
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    12- Manufacturing process of construction piece (1) with residual materials according to claim 9 characterized in that after the step of depositing in the mold (3) the mixture (2), it is placed inside the mold (3) on said mixture (2) ) a wooden board, aluminum, glass, polystyrene, cork or cardboard.
    13- Manufacturing process of construction piece (1) with residual materials according to claim 9 characterized in that at least one of the vibrating and / or resting and / or drying steps is carried out under heating conditions of the mold (3).
    14- Manufacturing process of construction piece (1) with residual materials according to claim 13 characterized in that said heating of the mold (3) is carried out by means of at least one electrical resistor (31).
    15- Manufacturing process of construction piece (1) with residual materials according to claim 13 characterized in that said heating of the mold (3) is carried out with an adjustable temperature between 30 ° and 70 °.
    16- Use of construction piece (1) with residual materials according to claim 1, whose shape is panel or wall or brick, for the insulation and soundproofing of buildings in at least one exterior and / or interior wall.
    17 - Manufacturing process of construction piece (1) with residual materials according to claim 12 characterized in that after the step of depositing in the mold (3) a wooden board, aluminum, glass, polystyrene, cork or cardboard, a dose is deposited mixture (2)
    18- Manufacturing process of construction piece (1) with residual materials according to claim 9 characterized in that the mold (3) comprises a representation (32) printed inside, so that it is copied onto the construction part (1).
    19- Manufacturing process of construction piece (1) with residual materials according to claim 9 characterized in that prior to the step of depositing the mixture (2) in the mold (3), a paper is deposited inside with a representation (32) printed, so that it is copied onto the construction piece (1).
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    ES2556556B1|2016-09-12|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    US20060070321A1|2004-09-29|2006-04-06|R E P Technologies Ltd.|Fire-resistant panel and method of manufacture|WO2019215368A1|2018-05-08|2019-11-14|NAIES, Marie Michele|Tongued-and-grooved panels and pillars, which are insulating and made of waste material, for forming walls|
    法律状态:
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